How Does Livestock Affect Climate Change – When it comes to global warming, the big media tends to focus on industrial emissions, but agriculture is the world’s number one driver of climate change, potentially destroying the world’s forests, farms and fields – putting our entire food supply at risk. Here’s a primer on the tumultuous relationship between food and weather, and how we can make that relationship happier.
This story is adapted from “Food Climate Change: What the Paris Agreement Means for Food and Beverage Companies.”
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How Does Livestock Affect Climate Change
September 27, 2016 | For the first time, the World Economic Forum’s 2016 Risk Report fails to address climate change mitigation and adaptation as a risk affecting countries and industries. Finally, the water crisis will be number 3. Of course, agriculture is one of the most climatic conditions. Sensitive areas. The Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) found that climate change has reduced agricultural production worldwide by 1-5 percent over the past 30 years, aided by extreme weather events affecting important agricultural commodities. Encourage the volatility of food prices around the world in recent years.
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Emissions from agriculture come from different sources depending on the type of agriculture. Image credit: IPCC
The report confirms that developing countries will continue to be hardest hit by climate change, the same countries where food companies and many beverages source their raw materials. For example:
Around the world, farmers are facing declining yields and needing larger areas to produce. , forcing the price of goods to increase. A new study on the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, which produced 10 percent of the world’s soybeans in 2013, found that a 1 °C increase in temperature could reduce soybean and corn production by 9-13 percent, mainly because farmers take up less land to produce or plant a crop.
The IPCC’s Fifth Assessment Report shows that climate change has reduced global agricultural production by 1-5% over the past 30 years.
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In the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, which is responsible for supplying 10 percent of the world’s soybeans, a 1°C increase in temperature would lead to a 9-13% decrease in soybean and corn production.
Higher temperatures increase heat stress among livestock and, combined with reduced rainfall, reduce the amount of water available for irrigation. An increase in the frequency and/or severity of extreme weather events will particularly affect smallholder farmers and people living in poverty or at risk, as they typically lack access to social safety nets.
Price fluctuations are particularly damaging to small-scale food producers, whether prices are very low during good harvests or very high during shortages and disasters. A reduction in production in such a situation affects both the level of income and food consumption.
Oxfam’s experience shows that farmers will sell assets when they lose income, such as livestock, taking children out of school or reducing medical costs. Without a safety net, smallholder farmers and their families lose the ability to earn a decent living or invest in the future of their farms, and often suffer from malnutrition and hunger.
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Women farmers are more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change than men because they often rely on climate-sensitive livelihoods such as rainfed agriculture and water harvesting for domestic use. They have unequal access to productive resources such as land and agricultural inputs, and have fewer support systems to fall back on in times of crisis.
In a country where a large share of the household budget is spent on food and many rely on agriculture, the social and economic consequences of climate-related production changes and price shocks can have a severe impact on the wider economy.
These increased risks faced by small food producers are increasingly reflected in the bottom lines of the world’s largest food and beverage companies. For example, in 2010 – severe weather in many parts of the world – many companies experienced production and financial losses due to climate change. For example:
In addition to being severely affected by climate change, the global food system is a key driver of climate change, contributing to a quarter of global GHG emissions (see Figure 1).
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Agriculture is the main driver of deforestation worldwide and accounts for the largest share of non-carbon GHGs (about 56 percent in 2005). These “high-level pollutants” such as methane and nitrous oxide – which are released in smaller quantities than carbon dioxide but have a greater global warming potential – are caused by animal husbandry, manure on pastures, use of artificial fertilizers and rice cultivation.
Although livestock is the main source of methane emissions in agriculture, the study commissioned by CE Delft for this thesis focuses on the contribution of an important agricultural commodity to GHG emissions, which is often overlooked.
Although the public and political debate on climate change has traditionally been dominated by players in the energy and energy sector, this is beginning to change. As one of the sectors most vulnerable to climate change, food and beverage companies have a clear business interest in early and effective action in both mitigation and adaptation. As a major emitting industry and a sector that supports millions of farmers and agricultural workers in climate change-affected regions, the sector also has a key role in the fight against climate change. The platform is set to help food and beverage companies lead the way in setting the post-Paris agenda for corporate climate action in both mitigation and adaptation.
Suhartiodo Hariyadi is Professor of Forestry at the Center for Biodiversity and Tropical Forest Restoration at Bogor Agricultural University (IPB).
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Click here to view a 2-page fact sheet with graphics or read below for an expanded version of the document.
Dairy and beef production are important to the food security and economy of the Caribbean Americas. The dairy industry is Puerto Rico’s leading agricultural sector, contributing about 22% of total agricultural income. Across the region, beef and dairy production has created more than 25,000 jobs and occupies more than 50,000 hectares (Ortíz-Colón et al., 2018). In the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), cattle production has declined in recent years due to high insurance costs and natural disasters, while sheep and goat production has increased (Gould et al., 2015).
Caribbean countries are particularly vulnerable to climate change due to geography and economic potential (USDA, 2016). Due to climate change, we are facing severe drought due to increasing temperature. It is increasing in this region. This affects livestock by reducing water and forage availability, increasing susceptibility to worms and ticks, causing heat stress, and reducing milk production (USDA, 2016).
In Puerto Rico, the northern municipalities of Hatillo, Yabucoa, Camui, Arecibo, the eastern municipalities of Naguabo and Humacco, and the western municipalities of San Sebastian, Isabela, and Lajas (Gould et al. 2015). ) in 2015, the two most drought-affected crops in Puerto Rico were grass and forage, both of which are essential for livestock nutrition (Puerto Rico Department of Agriculture, 2017).
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In the U.S. Virgin Islands, ranching St. Croix. In 2015, the effects of the drought were most noticeable in eastern St. John and across the island of St. Thomas and St. Croix, where pastures and fishponds were destroyed, causing significant livestock mortality (NRCS, 2016). Extreme heat and lack of rain dry up swamps and grasses, forcing producers to gather palm fronds and branches for food, depend on expensive imported fodder, and chase livestock (Ortíz-Colón et al.,
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