Disease That Affect The Nervous System – Your autonomic nervous system is a network of nerves throughout your body that controls unconscious processes. These are things like breathing and heartbeat that happen without you even thinking about them. Your autonomic nervous system is always active, even when you sleep, and is key to your continued survival.
The autonomic nervous system manages body processes that you don’t even think about. Those processes include heart rate, blood pressure, digestion and more.
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Disease That Affect The Nervous System
Your autonomic nervous system is the part of your general nervous system that controls the automatic functions of your body that you need to survive. These are processes that you don’t think about and that your brain manages while you’re awake or asleep.
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Just like a house needs electrical wiring to control the lights and everything inside, your brain needs the neural network of the autonomic nervous system. These nerves are the physical connections your brain needs to control almost all of your major internal organs.
Your autonomic nervous system consists of a network of nerves that run throughout your head and body. Some of these nerves extend directly from your brain, while others extend from your spinal cord, which sends signals from your brain to these nerves.
There are 12 cranial nerves that use Roman numerals to distinguish them, and four of them have nerve fibers in your autonomic nervous system. It includes the third, seventh, ninth and tenth cranial nerves. They manage pupil dilation, eye focus, tears, nasal mucus, saliva, and organs in your chest and abdomen.
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Your autonomic nervous system also uses 31 spinal nerves. These include the spinal nerves in your thoracic (chest and upper back), lumbar (lower back) and sacral (tail).
The part of your brain that handles autonomic functions is your hypothalamus. This structure is not part of your autonomic nervous system, but it is a key part of how it works.
Your autonomic nervous system has the same makeup as your normal nervous system. The main cell types are as follows, more about them are listed below:
Dendrites on a single neuron can connect to thousands of other synapses. Some neurons are long or short, depending on where they are in your body and what they do.
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Glial (pronounced “glee-uhl”) cells perform many different functions. They help develop and maintain neurons when you’re young and manage how neurons work throughout your life. They protect your nervous system from infection, control the chemical balance in your nervous system, and coat the axons of neurons. There are 10 times more glial cells than neurons.
There are many conditions and causes of autonomic neuropathy, which means damage or disease that affects your autonomic nervous system. Common examples include:
Symptoms of the autonomic nervous system depend on the location of the damage. In conditions like type 2 diabetes, damage can occur in many places throughout your body. The most likely symptoms of autonomic nervous system impairment include:
Treatment for the autonomic nervous system can be very specific, depending on the condition in question. Some of them can treat the condition itself or the underlying cause. Others may treat only the symptoms of the condition, especially when there is no treatment or cure for the condition. This means there is no one-size-fits-all approach to these situations. Medications can help with some of these conditions, but not all.
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Prevention of damage to the autonomic nervous system is the best way to avoid conditions affecting that system. The best preventive actions you can take include:
Your autonomic nervous system is an essential part of how you live your life. Most of the time you don’t even have to think about it and it will continue to do its job. Taking care of your body, especially your nervous system, is the best way to avoid conditions that can cause autonomic nerve damage. This way, you can continue to focus on what you want to focus on in your life. Wilson’s disease is a rare genetic condition where copper builds up in your body. This condition affects your liver, brain, eyes and other organs. Too much copper in your body can cause life-threatening organ damage without treatment.
Wilson’s disease is a rare genetic condition that occurs when too much copper accumulates in your body, especially in the liver and brain. Your body needs small amounts of copper from food to stay healthy, but without treatment, Wilson’s disease can lead to high copper levels that lead to life-threatening organ damage.
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Wilson’s disease is passed from parents to children. It requires a copy of the abnormal gene from each parent. It is very difficult to know who develops it because parents often have no symptoms to let them know they carry the abnormal gene. If you have other close relatives with the disease, you are more likely to be at risk.
Wilson’s disease affects about 1 in every 30,000 people. It is more common in people with a family history of the condition. There are many people who have only one copy of the abnormal gene (carriers). Carriers usually have no symptoms, although they can pass the disease on to their children. Because carriers show no symptoms, it is difficult to know exactly how many people in the general population have the abnormal copy of the gene.
Wilson’s disease, without early diagnosis and treatment, can lead to life-threatening complications. Toxic levels of copper build up in your body, especially in the liver and brain, putting you at risk of organ damage. Elevated copper levels affect how you feel, often making you very tired or weak and uncomfortable or in pain. If you have weakness, fatigue or pain that does not go away, contact your doctor for advice.
Wilson’s disease is present at birth (congenital), but symptoms do not appear until copper builds up in your liver, brain, eyes, or other organs. Symptoms usually appear between the ages of 5 and 40 in people with Wilson’s disease. However, some people develop symptoms at a younger or older age.
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Some people are diagnosed with other liver or mental health disorders when they actually have Wilson’s disease. This is because symptoms may be non-specific and similar to other conditions until copper levels are measured.
People with Wilson’s disease often develop symptoms of hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) and may have a sudden decline in liver function (acute liver failure). These symptoms may include:
Some people with Wilson’s disease have symptoms only if they have complications from chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. These symptoms may include:
People with Wilson’s disease can develop central nervous system symptoms that affect their mental health because of the accumulation of copper in their bodies. These symptoms are more common in adults, but can also occur in children.
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Many people with Wilson’s disease have green, gold, or brown spots on the edges of the cornea (Kaiser-Fleischer rings) in their eyes. Copper accumulation in the eye causes Kayser-Fleischer rings. Your doctor can see these rings during a special eye test called a slit-lamp exam.
Most people diagnosed with Wilson’s disease also have Saffron-Fleischer rings that affect their nervous system. About half of people diagnosed with Wilson’s disease who only have symptoms affecting the liver also have Saffron-Fleischer rings.
Normally, the liver releases excess copper into the fluid, which is then stored in your gallbladder to aid digestion (bile). Bile carries copper, along with other toxins and waste products, out of the body through your digestive tract. If you have Wilson’s disease, your liver releases less copper into your bile, and excess copper stays in your body.
A gene that causes Wilson’s disease. This means that the mutated gene is passed from parent to child. To develop Wilson’s disease, a person must inherit two abnormal genes, one from each parent (autosomal recessive).
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Mutated genes do not cause Wilson’s disease, but they are carriers of the disease. This means they can pass a normal gene, a carrier state or a diseased state to their children, depending on their partner’s genetics.
To diagnose Wilson’s disease, your doctor will ask about your family history and personal medical history to identify whether symptoms may be a result of the condition.
Providers will check you for other signs that you may have problems with your liver, brain, or eyes. During the eye exam, your provider will perform a slit-lamp exam, which is a special light that shines a saffron-flasher on your eye.
Your doctor may order a blood test to check for the genetic mutation that causes Wilson’s disease if other medical tests do not confirm or rule out a diagnosis of the condition.
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For 24 hours, you will collect your urine at home in a special copper-free container provided by your doctor. A lab will check the amount of copper in your urine. The amount of copper in the urine is higher than normal
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